Book/Printed Material History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their language, and personal and family history of the author.
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Image 1 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... HISTORY —OF THE— Ottawa and Chippewa INDIANS OF MICHIGAN AND GRAMMAR OF THEIR LANGUAGE BY A. J. BLACKBIRD, (Mack-e-te-be-nessy, son of the Ottawa Chief, Mack a-de-pe-nessy)
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 2 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... HISTORY OF THE Ottawa and Chippewa Indians OF MICHIGAN A GRAMMAR OF THEIR LANGUAGE, AND PERSONAL AND FAMILY HISTORY OF THE AUTHOR, BY ANDREW J ✓ . BLACKBIRD, Late U.S. Interpreter, Harbor...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 3 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1887. By Andrew J. Blackbird, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. E99 .09B6
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 4 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... INTRODUCTION. Andrew J. Blackbird, the author of this little book, is an educated Indian, son of the Ottawa Chief. His Indian name is Mack-aw-de-be-nessy (Black Hawk), but he generally goes by the...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 5 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 4 old age and failing health, and unable to perform hard manual labor. We therefore recommend this work of Mr. A. J. Blackbird as interesting and reliable. James L. Morrick, Treasurer of...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 6 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... PREFACE. I deem it not improper to present the history of the last race of Indians now existing in the State of Michigan, called the Ottawa and Chippewa Nations of Indians. There...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 7 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... ACKNOWLEDGMENT. The Ypsilanti Auxiliary of the Women's National Indian Association, by whose efforts this book is published, take this opportunity to express earnest thanks to those who have aided in this work....
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 8 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... CHAPTER I. History of the Ottawas of Michigan—Preliminary Remarks in Regard to Other Histories, Concerning the Massacre of the Old British Fort on the Straits of Mackinac—British Promise to the Ottawas—Ravages of...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 9 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 8 Odjebwes should not be retaliated upon on account of their rash act against the British people, but that they might be pardoned, as this terrible tragedy was committed through mistake, and...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 10 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 9 my coat, to remind you why I am likened unto the sun, and my promises will be as perpetual as the rolling sun!” Ego-me-nay—Corn-hanger—was the head counselor and speaker of the...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 11 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 10 when they opened the last one they found nothing but mouldy particles in this last little box! They wondered very much what it was, and a great many closely inspected to...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 12 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 11 is sixty years ago, there was nothing but small shrubbery here and there in small patches, such as wild cherry trees, but the most of it was grassy plain; and such...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 13 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 12 to say,and that he was appointed to preach to other birds, to tell them to be happy, to be thankful for the blessings they enjoy among the summer green branches of...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 14 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 13 as there were about twenty of these “uncivilized” precepts. They also believed, in their primitive state, that the eye of this Great Being is the sun by day, and by night...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 15 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 14 village, so soon as darkness came in the evening, the young boys and girls were not allowed to be out of their lodges. Every one of them must be called in...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 16 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 15 CHAPTER II. Cases of Murder Among the Ottawas and Chippewas Exceedingly Scarce—Ceding the Grand Traverse Region to the Chippewas on Account of Murder—Immorality Among the Ottawas not Common—Marriage in Former Times....
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 17 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 16 It may be said, this is not true; it is a mistake. We have known several cases of murders among the Ottawas and Chippewas. I admit it to be true, that...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 18 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 17 Great Spirit, as such wicked monsters ought to be killed from off the earth; as this white man came to the Indian's wigwam in the dead of night, and dragged the...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 19 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 18 at the same time delivering the presents to the parents of the girl. If the old folks say yes, then they would fetch the girl right along to their son and...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 20 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 19 CHAPTER III. Earliest Possible Known History of Mackinac Island—Its Historical Definition—Who Resided at the Island— Massacre at the Island by Senecas—Where the Ottawas were Living at That Time—Only Two Escape the...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 21 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 20 but, unfortunately, they had most powerful enemies, who every now and then would come among them to make war with them. Their enemies were of the Iroquois of New York. Therefore,...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 22 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 21 edge as their encampment grounds when they might come to the island to trade or for other business. Perhaps the reader would like to know what became of those two persons...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 23 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 22 an Indian would be hunting or walking in solitude, he would suddenly be seized with an unearthly fright, terribly awe stricken, apprehending some great evil. He feels very peculiar sensation from...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 24 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 23 a track of any kind. These remarkable, mischievous, audible, fanciful, appalling apprehensions were of very frequent occurrence before any other inhabitants or settlers came near to his place; but now, they...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 25 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 24 CHAPTER IV. The Author's Reasons for Recording the History of His People, and Their Language—History of His Nationality—A Sketch of His Father's History—How the Indians Were Treated in Manitoba Country One...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 26 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 25 1840) I missed the opportunity, the idea was never after off of my mind. So some time afterwards I started out voluntarily to obtain an education; and I had nearly succeeded...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 27 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 26 even made caves in the ground in which to keep their horses every night to prevent them from being stolen by other tribes who were their enemies. It is also related...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 28 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 27 was raised for him by the people in that State. Wa-ke-zoo was another great chieftain who died before my time in the country of Manitoba, out north. He was also one...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 29 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 28 there to shift for themselves. Consequently there are in this region thousands of half breeds, most beautiful men and beautiful women, but they are as savage as the rest of the...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 30 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 29 From this time hence my father lost all confidence in white men, whatever the position or profession of the white man might be, whether a priest, preacher, lawyer, doctor, merchant, or...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 31 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 30 quake in Michigan; I think, if I am not mistaken, the earth shook twice within a year, which is recorded in the annals of this country. At the earthquake many Indians...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 32 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 31 CHAPTER V. The Author's Father Appointed Speaker for the Ottawas and Chippe was—The Only Ottawa Who was Friendly to Education—Making Alphabet—Acting as School Teacher—Moving Disposition of the Ottawas—Mode of Traveling—Tradition of...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 33 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 32 was about sixty or seventy feet long, where we lived in the summer time, was like a regular school-house, with my father as teacher of the school, and they had merry...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 34 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 33 In navigating Lake Michigan they used long bark canoes in which they carried their whole families and enough provisions to last them all winter. These canoes were made very light, out...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 35 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 34 and boys were out in search for the boy, calling and shooting their guns far and near, but not a trace of him anywhere could be found. Our parents were almost...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 36 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 35 came to our sugar camp and invited me to go with them, but I thought it was very close by. I thought we walked only just a few steps to come...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 37 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 36 States, and he wrote to his people at Arbor Croche and to Little Traverse on this very subject, advising them not to sell out nor make any contract with the United...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 38 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 37 unwell ever since I came to this country. However, I am yet able to attend my school and studies. I hope I will not be worse, so that I may be...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 39 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 38 to the people. There is a large square before St. Peter's, and it was crowded so that it was impossible to kneel down to receive the benediction. This week we are...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
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Image 40 of History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their ... 39 Now breathes it forth again. Hill, vale and grove, Clad in rich verdure, bloom, and from the rocks The joyous waters leap. O! meet it is That thou, imperial Rome, should...
- Contributor: Blackbird, Andrew J.
- Date: 1887
About this Item
- Title
- History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their language, and personal and family history of the author.
- Summary
- Blackbird (Mack-e-te-be-nessy) was an Ottawa chief's son who served as an official interpreter for the U.S. government and later as a postmaster while remaining active in Native American affairs as a teacher, advisor on diplomatic issues, lecturer and temperance advocate. In this work he describes how he became knowledgeable about both Native American and white cultural traditions and chronicles his struggles to achieve two years of higher education at the Ypsilanti State Normal School. He also deals with the history of many native peoples throughout the Michigan region (especially the Mackinac Straits), combining information on political, military, and diplomatic matters with legends, personal reminiscences, and a discussion of comparative beliefs and values, and offering insights into the ways that increasing contact between Indians and whites were changing native lifeways. He especially emphasizes traditional hunting, fishing, sugaring, and trapping practices and the seasonal tasks of daily living. Ottawa traditions, according to the author, recall their earlier home on Canada's Ottawa River and how they were deliberately infected by smallpox by the English Canadians after allying themselves with the French. Blackbird finds Biblical parallels with Ottawa and Chippewa accounts of a great flood and a fish which ingests and expels a celebrated prophet. He includes his own oratorical "Lamentation" on white treatment of the Ottawas, twenty-one moral commandments of the Ottawa and Chippewa, the Ten Commandments and other religious material in the Ottawa and Chippewa language, and a grammar of that language. Henry Rowe Schoolcraft appears in the narrative in his role as an Indian agent.
- Contributor Names
- Blackbird, Andrew J., 1810-
- Created / Published
- Ypsilanti, Mich., The Ypsilantian Job Printing House, 1887.
- Subject Headings
- - Ottawa Indians
- - Ojibwa Indians
- Notes
- - The author's Indian name is Mack-aw-de-be-nessy.
- - Also available in digital form.
- Medium
- 128 p. 18 x 14 cm.
- Call Number/Physical Location
- E99.O9 B6
- Library of Congress Control Number
- 02016465
- Online Format
- online text
- image
- LCCN Permalink
- https://lccn.loc.gov/02016465
- Additional Metadata Formats
- MARCXML Record
- MODS Record
- Dublin Core Record
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Rights & Access
The Library of Congress is not aware of any U.S. copyright protection (see Title 17, U.S.C.) or any other restrictions in the materials in the Pioneering the Upper Midwest: Books from Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, ca. 1820-1910 materials. The Library of Congress is providing access to these materials for educational and research purposes. The written permission of the copyright owners and/or other rights holders (such as publicity and/or privacy rights) is required for distribution, reproduction, or other use of protected items beyond that allowed by fair use or other statutory exemptions. Responsibility for making an independent legal assessment of an item and securing any necessary permissions ultimately rests with persons desiring to use the item.
Credit Line: Library of Congress, General Collections and Rare Book and Special Collections Division.
Further copyright information is also available at American Memory and Copyright.
Cite This Item
Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate.
Chicago citation style:
Blackbird, Andrew J. History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their language, and personal and family history of the author. Ypsilanti, Mich., The Ypsilantian Job Printing House, 1887. Pdf. https://www.loc.gov/item/02016465/.
APA citation style:
Blackbird, A. J. (1887) History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their language, and personal and family history of the author. Ypsilanti, Mich., The Ypsilantian Job Printing House. [Pdf] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/02016465/.
MLA citation style:
Blackbird, Andrew J. History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan: a grammar of their language, and personal and family history of the author. Ypsilanti, Mich., The Ypsilantian Job Printing House, 1887. Pdf. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/02016465/>.
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