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DATE: December 21, 2022
REVISED:
NAME: Adding Subfield $3 to Field 041 in the MARC 21 Bibliographic Format
SOURCE: Music Library Association (MLA) and Online Audiovisual Catalogers (OLAC)
SUMMARY: This paper proposes adding subfield $3 (Materials specified) to field 041 (Language Code) in the MARC 21 Bibliographic Format, as well as changes to the MARC 008/35-37 (Language) and 041 field documentation to support this addition.
KEYWORDS: Field 041 (BD); Language code (BD); Subfield $3, in field 041 (BD); Materials specified (BD); Field 008/35-37 (BD)
RELATED: 2022-DP07
STATUS/COMMENTS:
12/21/22 – Made available to the MARC community for discussion.
01/31/23 – Results of MARC Advisory Committee discussion: Approved, subject to corrections in some of the examples.
05/17/23 – Results of MARC Steering Group review - Agreed with the MAC decision.
This proposal was originally presented at the June 2022 MAC meetings as Discussion Paper No. 2022-DP07. As noted in that paper, Subfield $3 (Materials specified) has, over time, been uniformly defined for use across many MARC fields in the Bibliographic format. The availability of subfield $3 permits catalogers to indicate clearly which parts of a manifestation encoded data applies to – something particularly useful when describing manifestations that include supplementary materials in languages other than the primary language, as well as compilations of materials in multiple languages.
In most cases, for subfield $3 to be of use in bibliographic description, the field in which it is applied needs to be repeatable. Field 041 is repeatable, but while its field documentation does not place any limitation on its repeatability, the Content Designator History for the field indicates that the field was made repeatable specifically to accommodate the use of non-MARC language codes. Nevertheless, field 041 is currently being repeated in bibliographic records for reasons other than accommodation of non-MARC language codes. For example, OLAC’s DVD/Blu-ray disc cataloging best practices (page 53) recommend repeating the field when multiple works with different language information are present in an item.
Field 041 is currently defined, in part, in the MARC 21 Bibliographic Format as follows:
FIELD DEFINITION AND SCOPE
Codes for languages associated with an item when the language code in field 008/35-37 of the record is insufficient to convey full information. Includes records for multilingual items, items that involve translation, and items where the medium of communication is a sign language. Sources of the codes are: MARC Code List for Languages or other code lists such as ISO 639-1 (Codes for the representation of names of languages - Part 1 : alpha-2 code).
Languages may also be recorded in textual form in field 546 (Language Note).
Used in conjunction with 008/35-37 (Language). If there is a code in 008/35-37, it is recorded as the first code in subfields $a or $d (for sound recordings) of field 041. If 008/35-37 contains all blanks (No information provided) or the code "zxx" (No linguistic content) and field 041 is being used, e.g., to record the language code(s) of accompanying material, no subfield $a or $d is present. If only a non-MARC code is used to express the predominant language in an item, field 008/35-37 is coded with three fill characters (| | |).
Used when one or more of the following conditions exist:
- The item contains more than one language one of which may be a sign language
- The item is or includes a translation
- The language of the summaries, abstracts, or accompanying material differs from the language of the main item
- The language of a table of contents differs from the language of the main item
Field 041 may also be used to express the original language of the work.
...
For audiovisual materials, field 041 is used with motion pictures, filmstrips, slides, transparencies, and videorecordings when one or more of the following conditions exist:
- The sound track has different language versions
- The accompanying sound (discs, tapes, etc.) has different language versions
- The overprinted titles (subtitles) or separate titles for silent films are in different languages
- The sound accompanying a work is in one language and the same text is printed on the work in the form of overprinted titles in another language
- The accompanying printed script for works with no sound or, if with sound, no narration, is in different languages
- The medium of communication includes sign language.
Field 041 may also be used to record additional language-related information about written or original languages on motion pictures and videorecordings
...
Many manifestations, notably those embodying compilations, often contain works and expressions in multiple languages – not only the languages of the individual works and expressions themselves (including translations, possibly involving intermediate languages), but also subtitles, intertitles, printed transcripts or song texts, program notes, and so forth, often translated into one or more different languages. As a result, bibliographic description of these materials may involve the encoding of very complex 041 fields. Currently, there is no way to indicate which data apply to specific part(s) of the manifestation being described. The ability to use subfield $3 when encoding field 041 could improve user access to these materials by permitting clear and unambiguous encoding of this information.
[Note: proposed changes to current definitions are in bracketed bold italics.]
In the MARC 21 Bibliographic Format:
Define a new subfield $3 (Materials specified) in field 041 (Language Code) as follows:
$3 - Materials specified (NR)
Part of the described material to which the field applies.
In the field 041 Field Definition and Scope, revise the beginning of the third paragraph as follows:
Used in conjunction with 008/35-37 (Language). If there is a code in 008/35-37, it is recorded as the first code in subfields $a or $d (for sound recordings) of [the first occurrence of ]field 041 [in the bibliographic record.]
Clean version:
Used in conjunction with 008/35-37 (Language). If there is a code in 008/35-37, it is recorded as the first code in subfields $a or $d (for sound recordings) of the first occurrence of field 041 in the bibliographic record.
Revise the definition of field 041 subfield $a and add supporting examples as follows:
$a - Language code of text/sound track or separate title
Language code in the first occurrence of subfield $a [in the bibliographic record]is also recorded in 008/35-37 (Language) unless 008/35-37 contains blanks (###) or the code "zxx" (No linguistic content).Clean version:
Language code in the first occurrence of subfield $a in the bibliographic record is also recorded in 008/35-37 (Language) unless 008/35-37 contains blanks (###) or the code "zxx" (No linguistic content).
...
008/35-37 eng
041 1# $3 Clyde and Bonnie ; Busstopkisser $a eng $h ger
041 1# $3 Helver's night $a eng $h pol
245 00 $a Theatre Café : $b plays three.
546 ## $3 Clyde and Bonnie ; Busstopkisser $a In English; translated from the German.
546 ## $3 Helver’s night $a In English; translated from the Polish.
505 00 $t Clyde and Bonnie / $r Holger Schober ; translated by Zoë Svendsen -- $t Helver's night / $r Ingmar Villqist ; translated by Jacek Laskowski -- $t Busstopkisser / $r Ralf N. Höhfeld ; translated by Vanessa Fagan.
[Book contains English translations of three plays, two from the original German and one from the original Polish]
008/35-37 jpn
041 1# $3 Gojira $a jpn $j eng $h jpn
041 0# $3 Godzilla $a eng $h eng
546 ## $3 Gojira $a In Japanese with optional English subtitles.
546 ## $3 Godzilla $a In English
[DVD contains two films, one with a Japanese sound track, and one with an English sound track]
Revise the definition of field 041 subfield $d and add a supporting example as follows:
$d - Language code of sung or spoken text
Language code(s) for the audible portion of an item, usually the sung or spoken content of a sound recording or computer file. [If there is no subfield $a, ]T[t]he language code in the first occurrence of subfield $d [in the bibliographic record]if there is no subfield $a,may also be recorded in field 008/35-37.
Note: [For materials where the audible portion of an item does not represent the primary content, ]T[t]he language code(s) for the textual portion of [the primary content ]ofan[the] item is entered in subfield $a.Clean version:
Language code(s) for the audible portion of an item, usually the sung or spoken content of a sound recording or computer file. If there is no subfield $a, the language code in the first occurrence of subfield $d in the bibliographic record may also be recorded in field 008/35-37.
Note: For materials where the audible portion of an item does not represent the primary content, the language code(s) for the textual portion of the primary content of the item is entered in subfield $a.
...
008 35/37 geo
041 0# $3 Megrelʹskie pesni $d geo $h geo
041 1# $3 Guriĭskie pesni $d rus $h geo
041 0# $3 Program notes $g rus
[Recording contains two works—one sung in Georgian, one sung in Russian—and program notes in Russian]
In the field 008 Guidelines for Applying Content Designators for Character Positions 35-37 (Language), revise the fourth paragraph and add a supporting example as follows:
If more than one language code is applicable, the code for the predominant language is recorded in 008/35-37, and the codes for all of the languages, including the predominant language, are recorded in [one or more occurrences of ]field 041 (Language Code). The code recorded in 008/35-37 is always the same as the language code recorded in the first occurrence [in the bibliographic record ]of subfields $a or $d (for sound recordings).
Clean version:
If more than one language code is applicable, the code for the predominant language is recorded in 008/35-37, and the codes for all of the languages, including the predominant language, are recorded in one or more occurrences of field 041 (Language Code). The code recorded in 008/35-37 is always the same as the language code recorded in the first occurrence in the bibliographic record of subfields $a or $d (for sound recordings).
...
008/35-37 eng
041 1# $3 Clyde and Bonnie ; Busstopkisser $a eng $h ger
041 1# $3 Helver's night $a eng $h pol
245 00 $a Theatre Café : $b plays three.
546 ## $3 Clyde and Bonnie ; Busstopkisser $a In English; translated from the German.
546 ## $3 Helver’s night $a In English; translated from the Polish.
505 00 $t Clyde and Bonnie / $r Holger Schober ; translated by Zoë Svendsen -- $t Helver's night / $r Ingmar Villqist ; translated by Jacek Laskowski -- $t Busstopkisser / $r Ralf N. Höhfeld ; translated by Vanessa Fagan.
[Book contains English translations of three plays, two from the original German and one from the original Polish]
008/35-37 ger
041 0# $3 Mozart $d ger $h ger
041 1# $3 Verdi $d ger $h ita
245 00 $a Wenn der Freude Tränen fliessen : $b aus "Entführung aus dem Serail" / $c [Mozart]. Dass nur für mich dein Herz erbebt : aus "Troubadour" / [Verdi].
546 ## $3 Mozart $a Sung in German.
546 ## $3 Verdi $a Sung in German; originally in Italian.
008/35-37 jpn
041 1# $3 Gojira $a jpn $j eng $h jpn
041 0# $3 Godzilla $a eng $h eng
245 10 $a Gojira = $b Godzilla / $c Toho Co., Ltd.
546 ## $3 Gojira $a In Japanese with optional English subtitles.
546 ## $3 Godzilla $a In English.
008/35-37 eng
041 1# $3 Clyde and Bonnie ; Busstopkisser $a eng $h ger
041 1# $3 Helver's night $a eng $h pol
245 00 $a Theatre Café : $b plays three.
546 ## $3 Clyde and Bonnie ; Busstopkisser $a In English; translated from the German.
546 ## $3 Helver’s night $a In English; translated from the Polish.
505 00 $t Clyde and Bonnie / $r Holger Schober ; translated by Zoë Svendsen -- $t Helver's night / $r Ingmar Villqist ; translated by Jacek Laskowski -- $t Busstopkisser / $r Ralf N. Höhfeld ; translated by Vanessa Fagan.
008 35/37 geo
041 0# $3 Megrelʹskie pesni $d geo $h geo
041 1# $3 Guriĭskie pesni $d rus $h geo
041 0# $3 Program notes $g rus
245 10 $a Megrelʹskie pesni ; $b Guriĭskie pesni / $c O. Taktakishvili.
546 ## $3 Megrelʹskie pesni $a Sung in Georgian.
546 ## $3 Guriĭskie pesni $a Sung in Russian.
500 ## $a Program notes in Russian on container.
As is the case with subfield $3 in other MARC fields, use of non-controlled textual vocabulary in subfield $3 may be challenging to convert from MARC.
In the MARC 21 Bibliographic Format:
6.1. Add subfield $3 (Materials specified) to field 041 (Language Code) as described in Section 3.1.
6.2. Revise field 041 Field Definition and Scope as described in Section 3.2.
6.3. Revise field 041 subfield $a definition, and add examples, as described in Section 3.3.
6.4. Revise field 041 subfield $d definition, and add example, as described in Section 3.4.
6.5. Revise field 008/35-37 Guidelines, and add example, as described in Section 3.5.
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