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Historic American Buildings Survey,
Engineering Record, Landscapes Survey
Marion Square, 329 Meeting Street, Charleston, Charleston County, SC
- Title: Marion Square, 329 Meeting Street, Charleston, Charleston County, SC
- Other Title: Citadel Green
- Creator(s): Historic American Landscapes Survey, creator
- Related Names:
Wragg, John
Manigault, Peter
Hesse, Emmanuel
Wesner, Frederick
Washington Light Infantry
Military College of South Carolina
Marion, Francis
Ladies Calhoun Monument Association
Stevens, Christopher M , transmitter
Gallotta, Kate , historian
Martin, Katie , historian
Hudgins, Carter L , faculty sponsor
Clemson University & College of Charleston , sponsor
McPartland, Mary , transmitter - Date Created/Published: Documentation compiled after 2000
- Medium: Data Page(s): 10
- Reproduction Number: ---
- Rights Advisory:
No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted. (http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html)
- Call Number: HALS SC-17
- Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
- Notes:
- Honorable Mention Recipient - 2017 HALS Challenge: Documenting City or Town Parks. Clemson University School of Architecture, Master of Science in Historic Preservation, group effort to document the parks of Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina: Cannon Park HALS SC-15 by Alix Barrett and Claire Bushemi; Colonial Lake HALS SC-16 by Kristina Poston and Mary Fesak; Marion Square HALS SC-17 by Kate Gallotta and Katie Martin; Washington Square Park HALS SC-18 by Diana Inthavong and Torie McCollu; and White Point Gardens HALS SC-19 by Matt Amiss and Lauren Lindsey. Faculty Sponsor: Carter L. Hudgins, Director, Clemson University & College of Charleston, Graduate Program in Historic Preservation, Department of Planning, Development and Preservation.
- Significance: Used as the parade ground for cadets enrolled in the Military College of South Carolina for more than a century, Marion Square is significant as a tangible link between the defense of Charleston during the American Revolution and its current role as the city's most important public space. The site of the "horn work" that anchored the line of earthen defenses thrown up to ward off the British siege of the city in 1780, Marion Square is named in honor of Francis Marion, Revolutionary War general and leader of South Carolina's resistance to British military forces. Located at what in the eighteenth century was the northern edge of the city, the six and one half acres now encompassed by Marion Square resumed a military purpose when the state of South Carolina constructed an arsenal along Tobacco Street. Built, in part, to house a garrison of militia troops who patrolled the city following discovery of Denmark Vessey's plotted slave revolt in 1822, the arsenal expanded to house the Military College of South Carolina, the Citadel, which occupied a range of Gothic-Style buildings that bounded the square on the north. Cadet drills and parade continued in Citadel Green until the Citadel moved to a suburban location in the 1930s. Used as a camp ground for Confederate soldiers during the Civil War and as a parade ground for freed slaves after the war, Citadel Green was, like all open spaces in the city, filled with a tent city that housed Charlestonians displaced by the earthquake of 1886. Following the closure of the Citadel's downtown location, Citadel Green was renamed Marion Square. Owned from the Antebellum period on by the Washington Light Infantry, the square assumed a broader public function following the Citadel's move. As one of the few open spaces in a relatively dense urban environment, the square became a place for outdoor recreation and civic events. The erection of historical monuments imbued the square with commemorative purpose. The largest of these monuments, a memorial to John C. Calhoun, was raised in 1890 by the Ladies Calhoun Monument Association. A monument to South Carolina Governor Wade Hampton and a Holocaust Memorial followed in 1912 and 1999 respectively. Still owned and managed by the Washington Light Infantry, one of the nation's oldest civilian military organizations, Marion Square is maintained by the City of Charleston. Renovation of the square completed in 2000 following a plan prepared by Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates, Inc. improved access and internal circulation, enabling more efficient public use of the space. Marion Square is now heavily used by tourists and city residents drawn to a Saturday Farmer's Market and a program of annual festivals that fill the space most weekends from mid-February through the Spoleto Festival art exhibition in late May.
- Survey number: HALS SC-17
- Building/structure dates: ca. 1822 Initial Construction
- National Register of Historic Places NRIS Number: 66000964
- Subjects:
- Place:
- Latitude/Longitude: 32.786891, -79.935684
- Collections:
- Part of: Historic American Landscapes Survey (Library of Congress)
- Bookmark This Record:
https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/sc1226/
The Library of Congress generally does not own rights to material in its collections and, therefore, cannot grant or deny permission to publish or otherwise distribute the material. For further rights information, see "Rights Information" below and the Rights and Restrictions Information page ( https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/rights.html ).
- Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted. http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html
- Reproduction Number: ---
- Call Number: HALS SC-17
- Medium: Data Page(s): 10
If Digital Images Are Displaying
You can download online images yourself. Alternatively, you can purchase copies of various types through Library of Congress Duplication Services.
HABS/HAER/HALS materials have generally been scanned at high resolution that is suitable for most publication purposes (see Digitizing the Collection for further details about the digital images).
- Photographs--All photographs are printed from digital files to preserve the fragile originals.
- Make note of the Call Number and Item Number that appear under the photograph in the multiple-image display (e.g., HAER, NY,52-BRIG,4-2).
- If possible, include a printout of the photograph.
- Drawings--All drawings are printed from digital files to preserve the fragile originals.
- Make note of the Survey Number (e.g., HAER NY - 143) and Sheet Number (e.g., "Sheet 1 of 4"), which appear on the edge of the drawing. (NOTE: These numbers are visible in the Tiff "Reference Image" display.)
- If possible, include a printout of the drawing.
- Data Pages
- Make note of the Call Number in the catalog record.
If Digital Images Are Not Displaying
In the rare case that a digital image for HABS/HAER/HALS documentation is not displaying online, select images for reproduction through one of these methods:
- Visit the Prints & Photographs Reading Room and request to view the group (general information about service in the reading room is available at: http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/info/001_ref.html). It is best to contact reference staff in advance (see: http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/address.html) to make sure the material is on site. OR
- P&P reading room staff can provide up to 15 quick copies of items per calendar year (many original items in the holdings are too old or fragile to make such copies, but generally HABS/HAER/HALS materials are in good enough condition to be placed on photocopy machines). For assistance, see our Ask a Librarian page OR
- Hire a freelance researcher to do further selection for you (a list of researchers in available at: http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/resource/013_pic.html).
- You can purchase copies of various types, including quick copies, through Library of Congress Duplication Services (price lists, contact information, and order forms for Library of Congress Duplication Services are available on the Duplication Services Web site):
- Make note of the Call Number listed above.
- Look at the Medium field above. If it lists more than one item:
- The entire group can be ordered as photocopies or high-quality copies.
- All the items in a particular medium (e.g., all drawings, all photographs) can be ordered as photocopies or high-quality copies.
- Call Number: HALS SC-17
- Medium: Data Page(s): 10
Please use the following steps to determine whether you need to fill out a call slip in the Prints and Photographs Reading Room to view the original item(s). In some cases, a surrogate (substitute image) is available, often in the form of a digital image, a copy print, or microfilm.
-
Is the item digitized? (A thumbnail (small) image will
be visible on the left.)
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Yes, the item is digitized. Please use the digital image in preference to requesting the original. All images can be viewed at a large size when you are in any reading room at the Library of Congress. In some cases, only thumbnail (small) images are available when you are outside the Library of Congress because the item is rights restricted or has not been evaluated for rights restrictions.
As a preservation measure, we generally do not serve an original item when a digital image is available. If you have a compelling reason to see the original, consult with a reference librarian. (Sometimes, the original is simply too fragile to serve. For example, glass and film photographic negatives are particularly subject to damage. They are also easier to see online where they are presented as positive images.)
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No, the item is not digitized. Please go to #2.
-
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Do the Access Advisory or Call Number fields above indicate that
a non-digital surrogate exists, such as microfilm or copy prints?
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Yes, another surrogate exists. Reference staff can direct you to this surrogate.
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No, another surrogate does not exist. Please go to #3.
-
-
If you do not see a thumbnail image or a reference to another surrogate, please fill out a call slip in the Prints and Photographs Reading Room. In many cases, the originals can be served in a few minutes. Other materials require appointments for later the same day or in the future. Reference staff can advise you in both how to fill out a call slip and when the item can be served.
To contact Reference staff in the Prints and Photographs Reading Room, please use our Ask A Librarian service or call the reading room between 8:30 and 5:00 at 202-707-6394, and Press 3.