PROPOSAL NO.: 2001-10R

DATE: December 7, 2001
REVISED: May 8, 2002

NAME: Definition of Additional Codes in Field 007/10 (Type of material) for Sound Recordings in the MARC 21 Bibliographic and Holdings Formats

SOURCE: Library of Congress

SUMMARY: This paper proposes expanding field 007/10 to describe additional materials used in the manufacture of sound recordings.

KEYWORDS: Field 007/10 (Sound recordings) (BD) (HD); Sound recordings (BD) (HD)

RELATED:

STATUS/COMMENTS:

5/07/01 - Made available to the MARC 21 community for discussion.

06/17/01 - Results of the MARC Advisory Committee discussion - Tabled.
The participants felt that other members of the archival sound recordings community should be consulted about any additional codes which may be needed. Participants also felt that the description of field 007/10 should be broadened to include tape since there is a need to code for it for preservation purposes. A revised proposal will be written with a more comprehensive discussion.

08/07/01 - Results of LC/NLC review - Agreed with the MARBI decisions.

05/09/02 - Revision made available to the MARC 21 community for discussion.

06/17/02 - Results of the MARC Advisory Committee discussion - Approved as amended. The word "lacquer" should be added to the description of code r (Paper with lacquer or ferrous oxide). It was also requested that LC add a code for cellulose materials in field 007/10, if needed.

07/11/02 - Results of LC/NLC review - Agreed with the MARBI decisions.


PROPOSAL 2001-10R: Definition of Additional Codes in Field 007/10 for Sound Recordings

1. BACKGROUND

Proposal 2001-10 was first discussed in June 2001. The proposal was tabled to allow broader consultation and consideration of tape media. As a result, the proposal was presented to members of the Music Library Association for review and comment.

Preservation management of sound recordings is very important. They need to record information about how to handle, house, and regulate from other environmental hazards, such as humidity. These decisions are usually obtained based on the type of material on which the sound recording is made.

Traditionally, agencies have used 007/10 (Kind of material) to indicate this kind of material; however, this field does not currently include every type of material used in sound recordings during the Twentieth Century. For example, during the World War II era, aluminum, the standard base for instantaneously recorded audio discs, was in short supply. Consequently, the recording industry turned to glass as a substitute. During the same period, instant audio recordings could be made at record shops and penny arcades. Many of these discs are acetate on paper and are prone to water and humidity damage. Audiotape has also been in use for more than fifty years in various forms. The most common type in use at present is plastic-based tape, but its predecessors include paper-based and acetate-based tapes, both of which are fragile. Libraries and archives need some way to indicate all of the materials used to make sound recordings so that they can be handled and stored properly for preservation purposes. The additional material designations needed are:

Acetate - The material onto which the sound signal carrier has been applied is an acetate tape with a ferrous oxide coating.

Aluminum and lacquer - The material onto which the sound signal carrier has been applied is an aluminum disc.

Glass and lacquer - The material onto which the sound signal carrier has been applied is a glass disc.

Paper and lacquer or ferrous oxide - The material onto which the sound signal carrier has been applied is a paper disc or tape.

1.1 Current Field 007 for Sound Recordings

Field 007 (Physical description fixed field) for sound recordings contains special coded information about the physical characteristics of a sound recording. Position 007/10 (Kind of material) contains a one-character alphabetic code that indicates the kind of material used in the manufacture of discs and cylinders. It currently has the following description and values:

007/10 Kind of material
A one-character alphabetic code indicates the kind of material used in the manufacture of discs and cylinders (both instantaneous and mass-produced). Most mass-produced discs now available are made of vinyl. Early discs were made of wax, aluminum, acetate, or shellac. Compact audio discs (CDs) are made of poly-carbonates coated with a reflective surface (usually aluminum). A fill character (|) is used when no attempt has been made to code this position.

a - Lacquered
Code a indicates that the disc or cylinder is made of material which has been lacquered.

l - Metal
Code l indicates that the disc or cylinder is made of metal. The earliest cylinders were made of metal (tin-foil).

m - Metal and plastic
Code m indicates that the disc or cylinder is made of metal and plastic. The metal part of such an item is often a thin layer applied to the plastic base.

n - Not applicable
Code n indicates that the item is not a disc or a cylinder.

p - Plastic
Code p indicates that the disc or cylinder is made of plastic. Most contemporary commercial or mass-produced 16, 33 1/3, and 45 rpm discs are made of vinyl plastic.

s - Shellac
Code s indicates that the disc or cylinder is made of shellac. Most commercial or mass-produced 78 rpm discs are made of shellac.

w - Wax
Code w indicates that the item is made of wax. Most instantaneous cylinders were made of wax.

u - Unknown
Code u indicates that the kind of material used in the manufacture of the disc or cylinder is not known.

2. DISCUSSION
Because the current descriptions in field 007/10 do not fully describe the materials used, it is proposed that 007/10 be updated and expanded to include codes for additional materials used in the manufacture of sound recordings in the Twentieth Century. Because all media are covered (formerly tapes were not) the value n (Not applicable) could be made obsolete. If a media base or coating is not covered, it would be coded z (Other) or u (unknown), whichever is applicable.

It is proposed that field 007/10 (Kind of material) for sound recordings be revised as follows. Text in brackets [] following code names indicate current names.

007/10 - Kind of material
[Revised description]
A one-character alphabetic code that indicates the kind of material used in the manufacture of sound recordings (both instantaneous and mass-produced). Most mass-produced analog discs made in the second half of the Twentieth Century are vinyl. Earlier discs were made of wax, aluminum, glass, paper, or shellac. Early tapes were made of paper or acetate. There were also recordings made on metal wire. Compact audio discs (CDs) are made of poly-carbonates (i.e., plastic) coated with a reflective surface (usually aluminum). A fill character (|) is used when no attempt has been made to code this position.

a - Lacquer coated [Laquered]
[Revised description]
Code a indicates that the item is lacquer coated, but the base material on which the lacquer is applied is not identified. To also identify the base, use codes g (Glass with lacquer), i (Aluminum with lacquer) or r (Paper with lacquer or ferrous oxide).

c - Acetate with ferrous oxide
[New code]
Code c indicates that the item is acetate base with a ferrous oxide coating. This code may include acetate tape and belts, such as magnabelts.
[Formerly coded as n (Not applicable)]

g - Glass with lacquer
[New code]
Code g indicates that the item is a glass disc base with a lacquer coating.
[Formerly coded as a (Lacquered)]

i - Aluminum with lacquer
[New code]
Code i indicates that the item is an aluminum disc base with a lacquer coating.
[Formerly coded as a (Lacquered)]

l - Metal
[Revised description]
Code l indicates that the item is made entirely of metal. It includes the earliest cylinders, which were made of tinfoil, and aluminum transcription discs with no coating, as well as wire and metal tape.

m - Plastic with metal [Metal and plastic]
[Revised description]
Code m indicates that the item is made of plastic base with a metal coating. The metal part of such an item is often a thin layer applied to the plastic base. It includes compact audio discs (CDs).

n - Not applicable
[Make obsolete]

p - Plastic
[Revised description]
Code p indicates that the item is made entirely of plastic. This code also includes mylar, polyester and vinyl materials. Since the 1950s, commercial or mass-produced sound recordings on 16, 33 1/3, and 45 rpm discs, cassettes, and cartridges are made of plastic.

r - Paper with lacquer or ferrous oxide
[New code]
Code r indicates that the item is a paper or cardboard disc, tape, or cylinder base with a ferrous oxide coating.
[Formerly coded as a (Lacquered)]

s - Shellac
[Revised description]
Code s indicates that the item is made entirely of shellac. Most commercial or mass-produced 78 rpm discs are made of shellac.

u - Unknown
[Revised description]
Code u indicates that the kind of material used in the manufacture of the item is not known.

w - Wax
[Revised description]
Code w indicates that the item is made entirely of wax. Most instantaneous cylinders were made of wax.

z - Other
[New Code]
Code z indicates that the item cannot be described by any of the available codes.

3. EXAMPLES
007 st|omndmbncnue
300 ##$a2 sound tape reels :$banalog, 7 1/2 ips, one track, mono. ;$c10 in. (acetate) + $e1 program ( 3 p.)
[Record for a Library of Congress concert on acetate tape]

007 sd|uusenniilue
300 ##$a1375 sound discs :$banalog, various speeds ; $c12 in. and 7 in. (acetate, shellac, vinyl)
[Record for the Aaron Copland Audio Materials on aluminum disc]

007 sd|umsznniglnb
300 ##$a82 sound discs : $banalog, various speeds ;$c10 in., 12 in., 16 in. (acetate)
[Record for the Igor Stravinsky Audio Materials on glass disc]

007 sd|umscnnirlud
300 ##$a3 sound discs : $banalog, mono. $c7 in. (acetate)
[Record for an item on paper disc]

007 st|umncmuurnue
300 ##$a1 sound tape reel :$banalog, mono. ;$c7 in. (acetate on paper)
[Record for the Stanford Caldwell Hooper History of Naval Radio Audio Materials on paper tape]

4. PROPOSED CHANGES

Make the following changes to field 007/10 (Kind of material) for sound recordings in the MARC 21 Bibliographic and Holdings Formats:

1. Revise the description of as indicated in Section 2.

2. Revise the description and adjust code names as indicated in Section 2 for the following codes:

3. Define the following new codes:

4. Make the following code obsolete:


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